Cephalexin

Cephalexin, bacteria-fighting drug in a group known as cephalosporin antibiotics, used to treat infections of the middle ear, urinary tract, reproductive system, skin, and bones. Cephalexin works by interfering with the invading bacteria’s ability to multiply in the body.

This drug is available by prescription in tablet, capsule, and liquid form, all of which are taken orally. The typical adult dosage is 500 mg every 12 hours (sometimes prescribed as 250 mg every 6 hours). Children should take the liquid form of this drug, which is usually prescribed in two or four daily doses. The total daily dosage for children is determined by body weight and the type of infection being treated.

Cephalexin works fastest when taken on an empty stomach, but it may be taken with food if it causes stomach upset. The drug is effective within three to five days, but to prevent a recurrence of infection, the entire course of medication should be taken. However, prolonged use is not recommended as it may lead to a secondary infection. Patients with diabetes should be aware that cephalexin may affect the accuracy of urine glucose monitoring tests. Patients with drug allergies, kidney disorders, colitis (inflamed colon), or other gastrointestinal problems should use this drug with caution. Its safety for use during pregnancy has not been determined. It is known to appear in breast milk.

Diarrhea is this drug’s most common side effect. Less common side effects include indigestion, abdominal pain, colitis, vomiting, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, skin rash, hives, joint pain, fluid retention, vaginitis, and yellowing of the eyes or skin. A severe allergic reaction to cephalexin may occur in patients who are sensitive to both cephalosporin antibiotics and penicillin. This drug may interact adversely with diarrhea medications and oral contraceptives.